What is the main source of energy for bees?

Nectar is the primary source of energy for bees. It is a sugary liquid produced by flowers that contains high amounts of carbohydrates, specifically sucrose, which bees convert into glucose and fructose. This energy-rich nectar is collected by foraging bees and transported back to the hive, where it is processed into honey through a combination of evaporation and enzymatic action. Honey, which is derived from nectar, provides a long-term food source for bees, especially during winter when foraging is not possible.

In contrast, pollen serves as a protein source essential for brood development and growth, while honeycomb is the structure where bees store honey and pollen, providing a protective environment. Water is vital for the overall health of the hive and is used in various processes, such as regulating hive temperature and diluting honey, but it does not serve as a direct energy source.